Tuesday, 3 January 2012

Narrative Theories

The theories of Vladimir Propp, Tzvetan Todorov and Bordwell Thompson & Claude Levi-Strauss can all be applied to the narrative structure of films such as Stanley Kubrick's 1980 horror favorite; The Shining.
In our previous lessons we have been looking at the 4 marrative Threorists. these are todorov, vladimir propp, claude levi-strauss and bordwell and thompson. we then talked and tried to apply these theory to The Shining, (a 1980 horror)
Firstly I will look at propp, he worked on Russian folk tales and proposed a set of
narrative and character functions. He looked at hundreds of folk tales and identified eight character roles and thirty-one narrative schemes. The eight character roles are the villain(s), the hero, the donor who provides an object with some magic property, the helper who aids the hero, the princess the reward for the hero, her father who rewards the hero, the dispatcher who sends the hero on his way and the false hero. All these different functions and roles that Propp thought of can be realistic in any type of description. This theory is very well examined because in most films especially in the category Horror, you can fit all the characters into one of these categories.
Tzvetan Todorov was a Bulgarian Structuralist linguist issuing influential work on narrative from the 1960s onwards. Todorov said that the stories begin with equilibrium or status quo where
and potentially opposing forces are in balance, this is then disrupted by a dramatic event witch then leads to a chain of smaller events, this basically builds up the tension in the story. These problems are later resolved into a new equilibrium at the end of the story. The next theory I will be looking at was thought of by Claude Levi-Strauss. Levi-Strauss looks come up with binary oppositions in terms of a narrative structure. Binary oppositions are opposite values, this basically means that there is always an opposite to anything, a good example of this is good and evil, we understand the concept of good as being the opposite of evil. This confuses the reader and works really well in horror films because everything that you think is so innocent turns and becomes evil this is what mainly frightens people example, in the shinning when the teddy bear is in the door way and slowly looks at the camera, a teddy is a children’s toy what they play with, binary oppositions changes this, because of the music being high pitched and gives a scary vibe. Just like clowns, clowns are characters that make kids smile and laugh in a circus act but as the binary opposition, in horror clowns give an evil laugh and normally go around killing people. A good theme horror films use for the binary opposition is the past/present. This is done by something that brings back evil past or fast forwards to go into an evil present. The Third theory was studied by Bordwell and Thompson. It was suggested that most narratives start with a state of equilibrium
in which life is normal. This theory further goes on to explain that the state of normality is disrupted by an outside force which has to be fort against in order to go back to the state of equilibrium (normal), this relates to the shinning because as jack in no longer in the state of equilibrium, Wendy and Danny have to fight off the outside force that he has turned into in order to go back to equilibrium. The new equilibrium brings another chain of events, this can also be related to Tzvetan Todorovs theory as it offers a simplistic chain of events. This theory can be placed in any narrative what so ever as one thing always leads to another example in The shinning where Jack chases Danny and Wendy into the bathroom leading her to lock him out which then results in him axing the door into pieces and Danny having to climb out of the window, he then runs into the maze when soon after jack follows, this then leads to jacks death by confusing him in the maze and freezes to death.

1 comment:

  1. Be careful with your spelling of the film's name! You need to make this more visual. Please add appropriate visual material.

    ReplyDelete

Newer Post Older Post Home